Synergistic Effect of Treatment with Highly Pathogenic Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus and Lipopolysaccharide on the Inflammatory Response of Porcine Pulmonary Microvascular Endothelial Cells

The highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV) often causes secondary bacterial infection in piglets, resulting inflammatory lung injury leading to high mortality rates significant economic losses the pig industry. Microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) play a crucial role response. Previous studies have shown that HP-PRRSV can infect pulmonary MVECs damage glycocalyx. To further understand of pathogenesis its infection, this study, cultured were stimulated with HN strain lipopolysaccharide (LPS). changes gene expression profiles analyzed through transcriptome sequencing, differentially expressed genes verified using qRT-PCR, Western blot, ELISA. Furthermore, effects on barrier function regulation neutrophil trans-endothelial migration detected Transwell model. primarily induced differential numerous associated immune response, including IFIT2, IFIT3, VCAM1, ITGB4, CCL5, whereas LPS triggered an response involving IL6, IL16, CXCL8, CXCL14, ITGA7. Compared individual effect LPS, when given after HN-induced stimulation, it caused greater number molecules, such as IL1A, IL17D, ITGAV, IGTB8, TNFAIP3A, more reduction transendothelial electrical resistance, higher increase migration. In summary, these results suggest synergistic MVECs. This study provides insights into mechanism severe by following from perspective MVECs, emphasizing vital infection.